Glossary of Medical & Health Terms. List C & D

Cancer

Abnormal cells with uncontrolled cell growth which may cause death if not treated within time

Calcium

an essential constituent of most plants and animals necessary for strong bones and teeth, found in milk and eggs

Calorie

The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water one degree. Commonly used to express the amount of energy-producing value in food

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates A group of energy-storage molecules that includes sugars and starches. Carbohydrates contain four calories per gram, found in potatoes and carrots

Cardiovascular

Having to do with the heart and blood vessels

Cervical cancer

Cancer of the cervix or relating to the cervix of the uterus in women

Cholesterol

A fat-like substance if present in the blood in large amounts, is associated with the development of heart disease. Normal cholesterol level should be below 200 mg/dl.

Cold

A mild viral infection involving the nose and respiratory passages

Colorectal cancer

Cancer relating to or affecting the colon and the rectum

Condoms

A sheath commonly of rubber worn over the penis by men so as to prevent conception or venereal infection during coitus, also called sheath

Conception

The process of becoming pregnant involving fertilization or implantation

Contraceptive

An agent or device intended to prevent conception or pregnancy

Dehydration

Excessive loss of body water resulting in weakness, dizziness and other symptoms. It can be life-threatening if not treated, especially in young children and babies

Depression

Decreased functional activity. Sinking of spirits, intense sadness, beyond what's normally expected.

Decongestant

A drug that decreases pulmonary or airway congestion

Diarrhea

Frequent and watery bowel movements which can be a symptom of infection or food poisoning or colitis or a gastrointestinal tumor

Digestion

The mechanical and chemical conversion of food into simpler compounds that can be absorbed by the body to derive energy

Disinfectant

A chemical agent used to destroy microorganisms on inanimate objects

Diet

The kind and amount of food prescribed for a person or animal for a special reason; a regimen of eating and drinking accordingly to maintain one's weight

Diabetes

High blood sugar level which may cause complications like excess urination and extreme thirst